Bio-remediation

In the context of solving pollution problems, what is/are the advantage/advantages of bioremediation technique?

1. It is a technique for cleaning up pollution by enhancing the same biodegradation process that occurs in nature.
2. Any contaminant with heavy metals such as cadmium and lead can be readily and completely treated by bioremediation using microorganisms.
3. Genetic engineering can be used to create microorganisms specifically designed for bioremediation.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

(a) 1 only

(b) 2 and 3 only

(c) 1 and 3 only

(d) 1, 2 and 3

Solution: C

Explanation :

Bioremediation is a waste management technique which involves the use of naturally occurring organisms to remove or neutralize pollutants from a contaminated site. 

By Bioremediation hazardous substances in the environment are broken down into either less toxic or non toxic substances by stimulating growth of microorganisms and degrade the target pollutants.

Bio-remediation is a gradual process. Heavy metals such as cadmium and lead cannot be readily absorbed and broken down by microorganisms.

Genetic engineering can be used to create microorganisms specifically designed for bioremediation. Genetic engineering has promised rapid advancements in this field. For e.g.  Alcanivorax, a bacteria with oil-eating abilities, can be used to bring new strains that are much more able in cleaning oil spills.