With reference to National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) guidelines, discuss the measures to be adopted to mitigate the impact of the recent incidents of cloudbursts in many places of Uttarakhand.

                  NDMA guidelines categories mitigation as structural and non-structural activities. Structural acclivities include physical construction to reduce the impact of diastases. Non-structural activities include measures such as awareness, knowledge development, policies, public commitments, habits and methods.

                Some measures suggested to mitigate the impact of cloudbursts in many places of Uttaraknand are,

a) Regulation of construction activities along river banks with special consideration to water level during heavy rainfall.

b) Strengthening of embankments, barrages and dams to constrain & regulate water flow

c) Reinvigorating the SDMA with adequate resources (funds and personnel)

d) Localized planning taking into consideration the ecologically fragile nature of the region and involving the local communities

e) Regulate infrastructure projects and preserve the sanctity of eco-sensitive zones

g) Better forecasting by IMD and incorporation of advanced technology to monitor and predict extreme weather events can enable early warning, evacuation and preparedness

h) Adopttion of ecofriendly policies and eco-sensitive tourism for development of the region.

i) Incorporation of disaster management and prevention into the developmental planning process.

       NDMA guidelines emphasise on community Based Disaster Management (CBDM).Utilization and leverage of local knowledge, resources, can have a multiplier effect on mitigation. Participation and co-operation of local bodies such as NGOs, Gram Sabhas, Panchayats can strengthen the entire framework of disaster management.